有心的教师是能在教学细节中发现对学生进行有效情感教育的良好契机的。教师如能善于及时捕捉并有效利用各种教学细节,就能使其成为对学生实施情感教育的资源,有效落实情感目标。常州的刘宝杰老师就非常善于发现和把握这样的教育契机,在五上第八单元的综合板块中:
细节一:执教者示范制作一张贺卡,请学生想办法美化一下卡片,当时有位学生这样说:You can put the sticker on the card. I can give you the sticker. 刘老师走进一看,赞叹道:Wow,
Ultraman. It’s cool. Can you help me stick it on my card?(学生贴上了印有奥塔曼的小纸贴)I think it’s more beautiful. Because there’s a Ultraman. I like it so much.
细节二:到了相互赠送贺卡的环节,学生甲站起来将贺卡送给了学生乙,当时学生乙正坐在位置上,刘老师轻轻地走到了该生的身边,微笑着对她说:You should stand up and say something to your friend. Right?学生乙马上意会,站来接过了礼物,然后也为朋友送去了Marry Christmas的祝福。
从这两个细节来看,刘老师处处有“心机”,他无时无刻不在引导学生感知英美文化。特别是在接受别人的礼物时要学会感谢。得体的语言,机智的回答,这就是无痕的情感教育。
能否在教学细节中,及时抓住情感教育的时机,需要教师的课堂机智,也需要教师备课时的充分预设。机智不足,教育契机转瞬即逝;预设不够,情感教育则毫无效果。在观课过程中,笔者就发现以下两个值得商榷的教学片断:
片断1:某位老师执教5A Unit8 At Christmas综合板块的Cartoon Time,看动画梳理故事发展后,师生间有这样的一段对话:
T: Is Turkey happy? Why?
S: No, because people eat the turkey On Christmas.
T:Yes, so Mr Turkey is really sad. But Sam and Bobby want to make him happy. What can they do?
S1: They help Turkey run away.
T: That’s a good idea.
S2:They give Mr Turkey some presents.
T: Yes.Mr Turkey like presents.
S3:They sing songs for Mr Turkey.
T: Good. Mr Turkey will be happy.
......
这段对话是学生发挥想象,猜测故事的结尾。学生的回答非常丰富,仔细想想,这是一个非常好的情感体验的契机,但执教者只是简单地评价了每位学生的回答之后便戛然而止,进入了下一环节的学习。如果教者在此时再追问一句:Why do Sam and Bobby want to help Mr Turkey?学生可能会这样回答:Because they are friends./ Because they love other other./...那么,有关圣诞节的情感主题就被老师自热而然引出来:Yes. Christmas is about Love. Love each other. Christmas is about Share. Share happiness. 此时学生产生的情感体验会比本课结尾的情感渲染更加及时、真实和自然。
片断2:另一位老师执教5A Unit8 At Christmas 的Story Time板块,是这样与学生谈论的:
T: If you have a stocking, what present do you wait for?
S1: I wait for a toy.
S2:I wait for two wings.
(执教者分别对两个学生进行了肯定和表扬。)
S3:I need a lot of money.
T:Why?
S3:Because I can buy many things. (Eg): toys, a car and a house.
T: Good. You really need a lot of money.
对话至此,笔者突然有这样的疑问:学生知道西方人为什么要过圣诞节?为什么圣诞节要相互赠送礼物吗?圣诞节是家人团聚,相互祝福的美好日子;圣诞老人为孩子们送去小礼物,带去欢乐。执教者最后一句点评显然偏离了情感教育的主题。因此,笔者觉得可以这样回答:Money is useful, but money isn’t everything. A useful present from your parents maybe better now. 或者接着孩子的回答,再试着问问学生:Why do you want do buy a car or a house? Do you want to drive your parents to travel? Do you want to live in a big house with them? 从学生的回答可以激起学生的情感认同: Christmas is about love, share and wishes.
没有情感教育的教育是不完整的。教师要做个有心人,既可以根据教材的情感主题设计教学主线,在主题情境中进行情感熏陶,也可以在设置任务活动,在实践中体验和感悟,还可以抓住教学细节,发挥教学机智,巧妙的把情感体验渗透在每个教学环节中。